HISTORY AND LANDMARKS
1) OSWALD SCHMIEDEBERG (1838-1921) = Oswald
is A founder of morden
pharmacology. In 1872 Schmiedeberg set
up an organization of pharmacology in Strasbourg, France (Germany around then)
which turned into a world renowned hub for understudies who were enthusiasm for
pharmacological issues.
Discovery=
*Estimation of – chloroform in
blood.
*Study of chlorohydrate.
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| HISTORY OF PHARMACOLOGY |
2)
JOHN J. ABEL ( 1857-1938) = Established the primary chair of pharmacology
within the U.S.A. (U. Michigan, 1891) after training in Germany. Able visited
Johns Hopkins in 1893, and trained many U.S. pharmacologists. "The Father
of american Pharmacology".
Discovery=
* Isolation of Histamine from pituitary
gland.
* Preparation of pure crystalline
insulin.
3)
ALFERED JOSEPH (1885-1941) = General mechanism of drug action.
4) HENRY DOLE (1875-1968) =
Discovery=
*
Isolate the neurotransmitters – Acetylcholine (1914).
* Identify histamine in animal
tissue.
* Role of histamine in allergy and
hyposensitivity.
* Alfa blocker reduces blood
pressure.
5)
POUL EHRLICH (FATHER OF CHEMOTHERPHY) = Use arsenicals
for – syphilis, work on tumors
6)
ALEXENDER FLEMING (1929) = discovered Penicillin
7)
JAMES BLACK
= Discovery of Beta blocker.
8)
RAMNATH CHOPRA (FATHER OF INDIAN PHARMACOLOGY) = Systematic
study of Indian medicinal plant.
9)
DOMAGK(1937)
=Prontesil sulphonamide
10)
PASTEURE (1877) = Phenomenon of antibiosis.
11)
WAKSMAN (1944)
= Actinomycetes
12)
J.N. Langley (1852-1925 and Sir Henry Dale (1875-1968) = pioneered
pharmacology in England, taking a physiological approach.
13)
Rudolph Buchheim (1820-1879) = In 1847 Bucheim set up the main research
facility gave to trial pharmacology in the storm cellar of his home in Dorpat
which is known as the support of exploratory pharmacology.
14)
Francois Magendie (1783-1855) = A French physiologist set out the
decree "Actualities and certainties alone are the premise of
science." Experimental methods with creatures are the proving grounds for
assurance of medication activity.
SCOPE OF PHARMACOLOGY
1) To study of disease/disorder (pathophysiology)
2) Study of
pharmacodynamics
3) Study of
pharmacokinetics (properties A. D. M. E.)
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| SCOPE OF PHARMACOLOGY |
4) Clinical
pharmacology & Therapecutics ( use –
contraindication , posology, bioablevility )
5) Toxicology –
Toxic substance , antidate , treatment
6) Forensic
science
7)
Pharmacovigilance –Allergic response , Heptotoxicity, Teretrgenicity, etc
8)
Pre-clinical trials
9)
Pharmacogenonics
10)
Clinicals
trials
11)
P.
DRUG – personal drug
12)
New
drug development
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